修改完了，还报警告。 先保存

vulkan/AppBase.h

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 #ifndef VULKAN_UTILS_H
 #define VULKAN_UTILS_H
 
-#define VK_CHECK(x)                                                                    \
+#define VK_CHECK(x)          \
-	do                                                                                 \
+	do                       \
-	{                                                                                  \
+	{                        \
-		VkResult err = x;                                                              \
+		VkResult err = x;    \
-		if (err)                                                                       \
+		if (err)             \
-		{                                                                              \
+		{                    \
-			assert(false);                                                              \
+			assert(false);   \
-		}                                                                              \
+		}                    \
 	} while (0)
 
 #ifdef _WIN32

vulkan/Application.cpp

@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ void Application::initVulkan()
 	createFramebuffers();      // 创建帧缓冲区
 	createCommandPool();       // 创建命令池
 	createCommandBuffer();     // 创建命令缓冲区
-	recordCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, 0); // 录制命令缓冲区（初始化时）
 	createSyncObjects();       // 创建同步对象
 }
 
@@ -124,30 +123,7 @@ void Application::createFramebuffers() {
 	}
 }
 
-void Application::createCommandPool() {
-	QueueFamilyIndices queueFamilyIndices = findQueueFamilies(physicalDevice, surface);
 
-	VkCommandPoolCreateInfo poolInfo{};
-	poolInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
-	poolInfo.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamilyIndices.graphicsFamily.value();
-	poolInfo.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT; // 添加标志
-
-	if (vkCreateCommandPool(device, &poolInfo, nullptr, &commandPool) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-		throw std::runtime_error("failed to create command pool!");
-	}
-}
-
-void Application::createCommandBuffer() {
-	VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo allocInfo{};
-	allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO;
-	allocInfo.commandPool = commandPool;
-	allocInfo.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY;
-	allocInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
-
-	if (vkAllocateCommandBuffers(device, &allocInfo, &commandBuffer) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-		throw std::runtime_error("failed to allocate command buffers!");
-	}
-}
 
 void Application::mainLoop()
 {
@@ -234,7 +210,7 @@ void Application::createSwapChain() {
 	// 选择交换链格式、颜色空间和分辨率
 	VkSurfaceFormatKHR surfaceFormat = { VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_SRGB, VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR };
 	VkPresentModeKHR presentMode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
-	VkExtent2D extent = { 0, 0 };
+	VkExtent2D extent = { 1, 1 };
 
     VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR surface_capabilities{};
     vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(this->physicalDevice,  this->surface, &surface_capabilities);
@@ -442,6 +418,57 @@ void Application::createRenderPass() {
 
 
 
+void Application::createCommandPool() {
+	QueueFamilyIndices queueFamilyIndices = findQueueFamilies(physicalDevice, surface);
+
+	VkCommandPoolCreateInfo poolInfo{};
+	poolInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
+	poolInfo.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamilyIndices.graphicsFamily.value();
+	poolInfo.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT; // 添加标志
+
+	if (vkCreateCommandPool(device, &poolInfo, nullptr, &commandPool) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+		throw std::runtime_error("failed to create command pool!");
+	}
+}
+
+void Application::createCommandBuffer()
+{
+	int MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = swapChainImages.size();
+	commandBuffers.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
+	VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo allocInfo{};
+	allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO;
+	allocInfo.commandPool = commandPool;
+	allocInfo.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY;
+	allocInfo.commandBufferCount = (uint32_t)MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT;
+
+	if (vkAllocateCommandBuffers(device, &allocInfo, commandBuffers.data()) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+		throw std::runtime_error("failed to allocate command buffers!");
+	}
+}
+
+void Application::createSyncObjects() 
+{
+	int MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = swapChainImages.size();
+	imageAvailableSemaphores.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
+	renderFinishedSemaphores.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
+	inFlightFences.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
+
+	VkSemaphoreCreateInfo semaphoreInfo{};
+	semaphoreInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO;
+
+	VkFenceCreateInfo fenceInfo{};
+	fenceInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO;
+	fenceInfo.flags = VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT;
+
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; i++) {
+		if (vkCreateSemaphore(device, &semaphoreInfo, nullptr, &imageAvailableSemaphores[i]) != VK_SUCCESS ||
+			vkCreateSemaphore(device, &semaphoreInfo, nullptr, &renderFinishedSemaphores[i]) != VK_SUCCESS ||
+			vkCreateFence(device, &fenceInfo, nullptr, &inFlightFences[i]) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+			throw std::runtime_error("failed to create synchronization objects!");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 void Application::recordCommandBuffer(VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer, uint32_t imageIndex) {
 	VkCommandBufferBeginInfo beginInfo{};
 	beginInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
@@ -478,48 +505,33 @@ void Application::recordCommandBuffer(VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer, uint32_t im
 	}
 }
 
-void Application::createSyncObjects() {
-	VkSemaphoreCreateInfo semaphoreInfo{};
-	semaphoreInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO;
-
-	VkFenceCreateInfo fenceInfo{};
-	fenceInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO;
-	fenceInfo.flags = VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT; // 初始状态为已触发
-
-	if (vkCreateSemaphore(device, &semaphoreInfo, nullptr, &imageAvailableSemaphore) != VK_SUCCESS ||
-		vkCreateSemaphore(device, &semaphoreInfo, nullptr, &renderFinishedSemaphore) != VK_SUCCESS ||
-		vkCreateFence(device, &fenceInfo, nullptr, &inFlightFence) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-		throw std::runtime_error("failed to create synchronization objects!");
-	}
-}
-
 void Application::drawFrame() {
-	vkWaitForFences(device, 1, &inFlightFence, VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX);
+	vkWaitForFences(device, 1, &inFlightFences[currentFrame], VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX);
-	vkResetFences(device, 1, &inFlightFence);
+	vkResetFences(device, 1, &inFlightFences[currentFrame]);
 
 	uint32_t imageIndex;
-	vkAcquireNextImageKHR(device, swapChain, UINT64_MAX, imageAvailableSemaphore, VK_NULL_HANDLE, &imageIndex);
+	vkAcquireNextImageKHR(device, swapChain, UINT64_MAX, imageAvailableSemaphores[currentFrame], VK_NULL_HANDLE, &imageIndex);
 
-	vkResetCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, 0);
+	vkResetCommandBuffer(commandBuffers[currentFrame], 0);
-	recordCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, imageIndex); // 重新录制命令缓冲区
+	recordCommandBuffer(commandBuffers[currentFrame], currentFrame);
 
 	VkSubmitInfo submitInfo{};
 	submitInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO;
 
-	VkSemaphore waitSemaphores[] = { imageAvailableSemaphore };
+	VkSemaphore waitSemaphores[] = { imageAvailableSemaphores[currentFrame] };
 	VkPipelineStageFlags waitStages[] = { VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT };
 	submitInfo.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
 	submitInfo.pWaitSemaphores = waitSemaphores;
 	submitInfo.pWaitDstStageMask = waitStages;
 
 	submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
-	submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &commandBuffer;
+	submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &commandBuffers[currentFrame];
 
-	VkSemaphore signalSemaphores[] = { renderFinishedSemaphore };
+	VkSemaphore signalSemaphores[] = { renderFinishedSemaphores[currentFrame] };
 	submitInfo.signalSemaphoreCount = 1;
 	submitInfo.pSignalSemaphores = signalSemaphores;
 
-	if (vkQueueSubmit(graphicsQueue, 1, &submitInfo, inFlightFence) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+	if (vkQueueSubmit(graphicsQueue, 1, &submitInfo, inFlightFences[currentFrame]) != VK_SUCCESS) {
 		throw std::runtime_error("failed to submit draw command buffer!");
 	}
 
@@ -534,6 +546,8 @@ void Application::drawFrame() {
 	presentInfo.pImageIndices = &imageIndex;
 
 	vkQueuePresentKHR(presentQueue, &presentInfo);
+	int MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = swapChainImages.size();
+	currentFrame = (currentFrame + 1) % MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT;
 }
 
 void DestroyDebugUtilsMessengerEXT(VkInstance instance, VkDebugUtilsMessengerEXT debugMessenger, const VkAllocationCallbacks* pAllocator) {
@@ -548,13 +562,19 @@ void Application::cleanup() {
 		DestroyDebugUtilsMessengerEXT(instance, debugMessenger, nullptr);
 	}
 
-	// 销毁命令缓冲区
-	vkFreeCommandBuffers(device, commandPool, 1, &commandBuffer);
 	
-	// 销毁同步对象
+
-	vkDestroySemaphore(device, imageAvailableSemaphore, nullptr);
+	int MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = swapChainImages.size();
-	vkDestroySemaphore(device, renderFinishedSemaphore, nullptr);
+	for (int i = 0; i < MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; ++i)
-	vkDestroyFence(device, inFlightFence, nullptr);
+	{
+		// 销毁命令缓冲区
+		vkFreeCommandBuffers(device, commandPool, 1, &commandBuffers[i]);
+		// 销毁同步对象
+		vkDestroySemaphore(device, imageAvailableSemaphores[0], nullptr);
+		vkDestroySemaphore(device, renderFinishedSemaphores[0], nullptr);
+		vkDestroyFence(device, inFlightFences[0], nullptr);
+	}
+	
 
 	// 销毁帧缓冲区
 	for (auto framebuffer : swapChainFramebuffers) {

vulkan/Application.h

@@ -45,11 +45,12 @@ private:
     VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout;                  // 管线布局
     VkPipeline graphicsPipeline;                      // 图形管线
     std::vector<VkFramebuffer> swapChainFramebuffers; // 帧缓冲区
-    VkCommandPool commandPool;                        // 命令池
-    VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer;                    // 命令缓冲区
-    VkSemaphore imageAvailableSemaphore;              // 图像可用信号量
-    VkSemaphore renderFinishedSemaphore;              // 渲染完成信号量
-    VkFence inFlightFence;                            // 同步栅栏
     VkQueue presentQueue; // 呈现队列
 
+    VkCommandPool commandPool;                        // 命令池
+    std::vector <VkCommandBuffer> commandBuffers;      // 命令缓冲区
+    std::vector<VkSemaphore> imageAvailableSemaphores; // 图像可用信号量
+    std::vector<VkSemaphore> renderFinishedSemaphores; // 渲染完成信号量        
+    std::vector<VkFence> inFlightFences;                            // 同步栅栏
+    int currentFrame = 0;
 };